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What (who) is tryptophan - definition

CHEMICAL COMPOUND

L-tryptophan; Triptophan; Tryptophane; Triptofan; Triptafan; Tryptofan; Tryptafan; Tryptaphan; Triptofen; Triptaphan; Triptophane; Tryptophan metabolism; Tryptopan; L-Tryptophan; Turkey meat and drowsiness; Tryptan; ATC code N06AX02; ATCvet code QN06AX02; Tryptophan biosynthesis; Alti-Tryptophan; Lyphan; Aminomine; (2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid; L-tryphan

tryptophan

['tr?pt?fan]

¦ noun Biochemistry an amino acid which is a constituent of most proteins and is an essential nutrient in the diet of vertebrates.

Origin

C19: from tryptic 'relating to trypsin' + Gk phainein 'appear'.

Tryptophan hydroxylase

CLASS OF ENZYMES

Tryptophan 5-monooxygenase; Tryptophan-5-hydroxylase; EC 1.14.16.4; Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase; L-tryptophan,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (5-hydroxylating)

Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is an enzyme () involved in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter serotonin. Tyrosine hydroxylase, phenylalanine hydroxylase, and tryptophan hydroxylase together constitute the family of biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylases.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tryptophan_hydroxylase

Tryptophan synthase

CLASS OF ENZYMES

Tryptophan synthetase; EC 4.2.1.20; L-serine hydro-lyase (adding 1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate, L-tryptophan and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-forming)

Tryptophan synthase or tryptophan synthetase is an enzyme () that catalyses the final two steps in the biosynthesis of tryptophan. It is commonly found in Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Fungi, and Plantae.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tryptophan_synthase

Wikipedia

Tryptophan

Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Tryptophan contains an α-amino group, an α-carboxylic acid group, and a side chain indole, making it a polar molecule with a non-polar aromatic beta carbon substituent. Tryptophan is also a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin, the hormone melatonin, and vitamin B3. It is encoded by the codon UGG.

Like other amino acids, tryptophan is a zwitterion at physiological pH where the amino group is protonated (–NH⁺
₃; pK_a = 9.39) and the carboxylic acid is deprotonated ( –COO⁻; pK_a = 2.38).

Humans and many animals cannot synthesize tryptophan: they need to obtain it through their diet, making it an essential amino acid.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tryptophan

Examples of use of tryptophan

1. Carbohydrates also supply the amino acid tryptophan, necessary for production of serotonin, the neurotransmitter essential for maintaining an even mood.

2. Many adults do not have sufficient levels of tryptophan because their intake of nuts, seeds and wholegrains is too low.

3. However, much more research is needed before tryptophan–laced milkshakes can be recommended as a sleep aid, according to lead study author Dr.

4. The meal is rich in tryptophan, an amino acid that is converted in the body into the feel–good chemical serotonin.

5. Slow–burn carbohydrates help facilitate the absorption of tryptophan, and the oily fish and seeds are high in omega 3 and 6 fats, which nourish the brain.